ALTA Certified Academic Language Therapist (CALT) Practice Exam 2025 - Free CALT Practice Questions and Study Guide

The type of research that involves randomly assigning subjects to experimental and control groups is known as experimental research. This approach is fundamental in establishing causal relationships because it allows researchers to control for variables and assess the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable. In experimental research, random assignment helps to ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, which minimizes potential biases and confounding variables. This methodology enhances the internal validity of the study, giving researchers reliability in their findings and allowing for generalizations to be made about the population being studied.

Other types of research, such as quasi-experimental, meta-analysis, and descriptive research, do not incorporate random assignment in the same way. Quasi-experimental research may involve assigning subjects to groups but typically lacks the random component, which can lead to less control over other influencing factors. Meta-analysis synthesizes previous studies rather than conducting new experiments, and descriptive research focuses on observing and describing characteristics or behaviors without manipulating variables. Thus, the approach of experimental research stands out as the clear choice for studies requiring random assignment to groups.